"կաղ" meaning in Old Armenian

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կաղ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: կաղ (kaġ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: կաղ (kaġ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xag",
        "2": "𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰",
        "t": "lame"
      },
      "expansion": "Aghwan 𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰 (ḳala, “lame”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau-lzg"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezghian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ccs-pro",
        "2": "*ḳel-",
        "id": "lack, limp",
        "t": "to be limp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *ḳel- (“to be limp”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-zan"
      },
      "expansion": "Zan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau-lzg"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezghian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χωλός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χωλός (khōlós)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "ქულა"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian ქულა (kula)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "къуылых"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian къуылых (k’°ylyx)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "kulek",
        "3": "kul-ek"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish kul-ek",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cop",
        "2": "ϭⲁⲗⲉ"
      },
      "expansion": "Coptic ϭⲁⲗⲉ (cale)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Closely related to Aghwan 𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰 (ḳala, “lame”); see it for additional Lezghian cognates and references. Probably also related to Proto-Kartvelian *ḳel- (“to be limp”), whose unattested Zan descendant would have had an *-a- vocalism and may have been the source of the Armenian and the Lezghian words. If the first part of կեղ-ա-կարծ (keł-a-karc) is indeed related to կաղ (kał, “lame”), then it may preserve the Kartvelian *-e-.\nNote also խեղ (xeł) and the similar-sounding synonyms in other languages, many of which are of obscure origin: Ancient Greek χωλός (khōlós), Mingrelian ქულა (kula), Ossetian къуылых (k’°ylyx), къулух (k’ulux), Northern Kurdish kul-ek, Coptic ϭⲁⲗⲉ (cale).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղ",
      "roman": "kał",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղք",
      "roman": "kałkʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղ",
      "roman": "kał",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղս",
      "roman": "kałs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղէ",
      "roman": "kałē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաւ",
      "roman": "kaław",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաւք = կաղօք (kaławkʻ = kałōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղս",
      "roman": "kałs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "adjective",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "կաղ • (kał)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "կաղ • (kał)",
      "name": "xcl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "կաղ",
        "11": "կաղաց",
        "13": "կաղ",
        "15": "կաղս",
        "17": "կաղէ",
        "19": "կաղաց",
        "21": "կաղաւ",
        "23": "կաղաւք = կաղօք",
        "25": "կաղի",
        "27": "կաղս",
        "3": "կաղք",
        "5": "կաղի",
        "7": "կաղաց",
        "9": "կաղի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "xcl",
          "name": "Disability",
          "orig": "xcl:Disability",
          "parents": [
            "Health",
            "Society",
            "Body",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "ankał",
          "word": "անկաղ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałagoyn",
          "word": "կաղագոյն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałakrkin",
          "word": "կաղակրկին"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałam",
          "word": "կաղամ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałamit",
          "word": "կաղամիտ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałanam",
          "word": "կաղանամ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałacʻucʻanem",
          "word": "կաղացուցանեմ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałim",
          "word": "կաղիմ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kałutʻiwn",
          "word": "կաղութիւն"
        },
        {
          "roman": "hnakał",
          "word": "հնակաղ"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "halting on one foot, hobbling along, with a halting gait; so so, poorly, somehow or other, as well as may be",
          "roman": "kał i kał, kał i kałs, kałs i kałs, kał ənd kał",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղ, կաղ ի կաղս, կաղս ի կաղս, կաղ ընդ կաղ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to say or reply undecidedly or doubtfully",
          "roman": "kał i kałs asel, patasxanel",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղս ասել, պատասխանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to know imperfectly",
          "roman": "kał i kał gitel",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղ գիտել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crippled, mutilated, especially lame, limping; defective"
      ],
      "id": "en-կաղ-xcl-adj-m1DaivhA",
      "links": [
        [
          "crippled",
          "crippled"
        ],
        [
          "mutilated",
          "mutilated"
        ],
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ],
        [
          "defective",
          "defective"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "kełakarc",
          "tags": [
            "possibly"
          ],
          "word": "կեղակարծ"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "կաղ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ankał",
      "word": "անկաղ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałagoyn",
      "word": "կաղագոյն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałakrkin",
      "word": "կաղակրկին"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałam",
      "word": "կաղամ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałamit",
      "word": "կաղամիտ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałanam",
      "word": "կաղանամ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałacʻucʻanem",
      "word": "կաղացուցանեմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałim",
      "word": "կաղիմ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kałutʻiwn",
      "word": "կաղութիւն"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hnakał",
      "word": "հնակաղ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hy",
            "2": "կաղ"
          },
          "expansion": "Armenian: կաղ (kaġ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Armenian: կաղ (kaġ)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xag",
        "2": "𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰",
        "t": "lame"
      },
      "expansion": "Aghwan 𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰 (ḳala, “lame”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau-lzg"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezghian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ccs-pro",
        "2": "*ḳel-",
        "id": "lack, limp",
        "t": "to be limp"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Kartvelian *ḳel- (“to be limp”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "ccs-zan"
      },
      "expansion": "Zan",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cau-lzg"
      },
      "expansion": "Lezghian",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "χωλός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek χωλός (khōlós)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xmf",
        "2": "ქულა"
      },
      "expansion": "Mingrelian ქულა (kula)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "къуылых"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian къуылых (k’°ylyx)",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kmr",
        "2": "kulek",
        "3": "kul-ek"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Kurdish kul-ek",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cop",
        "2": "ϭⲁⲗⲉ"
      },
      "expansion": "Coptic ϭⲁⲗⲉ (cale)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Closely related to Aghwan 𐕄𐔰𐔾𐔰 (ḳala, “lame”); see it for additional Lezghian cognates and references. Probably also related to Proto-Kartvelian *ḳel- (“to be limp”), whose unattested Zan descendant would have had an *-a- vocalism and may have been the source of the Armenian and the Lezghian words. If the first part of կեղ-ա-կարծ (keł-a-karc) is indeed related to կաղ (kał, “lame”), then it may preserve the Kartvelian *-e-.\nNote also խեղ (xeł) and the similar-sounding synonyms in other languages, many of which are of obscure origin: Ancient Greek χωλός (khōlós), Mingrelian ქულა (kula), Ossetian къуылых (k’°ylyx), къулух (k’ulux), Northern Kurdish kul-ek, Coptic ϭⲁⲗⲉ (cale).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kał",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "xcl-noun-ի-ա",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-type",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղ",
      "roman": "kał",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղք",
      "roman": "kałkʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղ",
      "roman": "kał",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղս",
      "roman": "kałs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղէ",
      "roman": "kałē",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաց",
      "roman": "kałacʻ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաւ",
      "roman": "kaław",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղաւք = կաղօք (kaławkʻ = kałōkʻ)",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղի",
      "roman": "kałi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "կաղս",
      "roman": "kałs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xcl",
        "2": "adjective",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "կաղ • (kał)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "կաղ • (kał)",
      "name": "xcl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "կաղ",
        "11": "կաղաց",
        "13": "կաղ",
        "15": "կաղս",
        "17": "կաղէ",
        "19": "կաղաց",
        "21": "կաղաւ",
        "23": "կաղաւք = կաղօք",
        "25": "կաղի",
        "27": "կաղս",
        "3": "կաղք",
        "5": "կաղի",
        "7": "կաղաց",
        "9": "կաղի",
        "note": "",
        "type": "i-a-type"
      },
      "name": "xcl-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Armenian",
  "lang_code": "xcl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "kełakarc",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "կեղակարծ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Armenian adjectives",
        "Old Armenian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Armenian lemmas",
        "Old Armenian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Old Armenian terms borrowed from Zan languages",
        "Old Armenian terms derived from Zan languages",
        "Old Armenian terms with unknown etymologies",
        "Old Armenian terms with usage examples",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "xcl:Disability"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "halting on one foot, hobbling along, with a halting gait; so so, poorly, somehow or other, as well as may be",
          "roman": "kał i kał, kał i kałs, kałs i kałs, kał ənd kał",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղ, կաղ ի կաղս, կաղս ի կաղս, կաղ ընդ կաղ",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to say or reply undecidedly or doubtfully",
          "roman": "kał i kałs asel, patasxanel",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղս ասել, պատասխանել",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to know imperfectly",
          "roman": "kał i kał gitel",
          "text": "կաղ ի կաղ գիտել",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "crippled, mutilated, especially lame, limping; defective"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crippled",
          "crippled"
        ],
        [
          "mutilated",
          "mutilated"
        ],
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ],
        [
          "limping",
          "limping"
        ],
        [
          "defective",
          "defective"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "կաղ"
}